Archives of Pathology

HISTOPATHOLOGY INSIGHTS, MOLECULAR CORRELATES, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA OF THE TESTIS: A CASE REPORT

Mary Achakolong — 2025-12-18

Testicular Neuroendocrine neoplasms represent an exceedingly rare subset of genitourinary malignancies accounting for <1% of all testicular neoplasms. They occur across a wide age range and may arise as primary testicular lesions or metastatic disease, most frequently from the gastrointestinal tract. Their rarity and diverse presentation often lead to diagnostic delays, especially in settings where classic clinical or hormonal syndromes are absent. We report a case of a testicular NEN presenting as a unilateral testicular mass in an adult male.

NON-FUNCTIONAL JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELL TUMOR: A RENAL CELL CARCINOMA MIMIC. REPORT OF TWO CASES

Maria C. Torres — 2025-12-18

Juxtaglomerular cell tumor (reninoma) is a rare benign renal neoplasm characterized by autonomous renin secretion, leading to refractory hypertension and frequent hypokalemia. Fewer than 200 cases have been reported. We present two patients evaluated in a tertiary center in Medellín, Colombia, both initially suspected of having renal cell carcinoma based on imaging. Definitive diagnosis required histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Surgical excision resulted in clinical improvement in both cases. These cases highlight the importance of considering reninoma in young patients with severe hypertension and renal masses that mimic malignancy.

LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST OF THE THYROID GLAND AS AN UNCOMMON CONDITION WITH CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: CASE REPORT AND BRIEF REVIEW OF THYROID CYSTIC LESIONS

Szymon Suwała — 2025-12-18

Lymphoepithelial cysts of the thyroid (LEC-T)are rare benign thyroid lesions that are diagnostically challenging due to the broad differential diagnosis of cystic thyroid nodules. Histologically, it resembles a branchial pouch cyst with a lining of stratified squamous epithelium, occasionally exhibiting areas of ciliated metaplasia. A limited number of cases have been documented in the literature, frequently in relation to chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis). In this article, we report a case of a large LECT in a patient without features of thyroiditis.

A RARE CAUSE OF SPONTANEOUS PERIRENAL HEMORRHAGE: REVISITING WUNDERLICH SYNDROME

Mary Achakolong — 2025-12-18

Wunderlich syndrome (WS),defined as spontaneousnon-traumatic renal or perirenal hemorrhage is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition first described by Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1856. The common underlying causes include Primary renal neoplasms, vascular lesions, and coagulopathies. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) remains the standard imaging modality forclinical evaluation and histopathologic examination confirms the underlying etiology, informinglong-term management and prognostication. Therapeutic options include conservative management, selective arterial embolization, and surgery depending on hemodynamic stability and underlying cause with minimally invasive interventions becoming the standard of care. Integrating radiologic, surgical, and histopathologic insights is crucial for timely diagnosis and optimal outcomes.This case report adds to the body of literature on this rare clinical entity and highlights clinicopathological features, etiologic mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of WS in a patient with a left adrenal mass.