La contradictoria recepción de la poesía de Gloria Fuertes
PDF

Cómo citar

Vila-Belda, R. (2018). La contradictoria recepción de la poesía de Gloria Fuertes. Prosemas, 3, 43–66. https://doi.org/10.17811/prep.3.2017.43-66

Resumen

Resumen: La obra de Gloria Fuertes ha sido acogida de manera muy diferente en España y en el extranjero. Mientras que en su país de origen se ha ignorado, olvidado y hasta todavía hoy se rechaza parte de su producción, en el extranjero se ha reconocido y premiado su obra. Este ensayo indaga algunos de los factores que han motivado una recepción tan dispar. Pierre Bourdieu identifica dos esferas de poder en la consagración de un autor: la academia y los agentes culturales, es decir los críticos, poetas ya consagrados, revistas especializadas o editoriales de prestigio, entre otros, que también contribuyen al reconocimiento. Centrándome en su poesía literaria y en la excelente acogida que Fuertes goza en Estados Unidos, estudio la recepción crítica y sobre todo el interés de los traductores y revistas, especialmente de Philip Levine y The American Poetry Review, en dar a conocer y difundir su obra.

Palabras clave: Gloria Fuertes; recepción; canon y reconocimiento; Estados Unidos; agentes culturales; Philip Levine; The American Poetry Review.

Abstract: Gloria Fuertes’s production has been received very differently at home and abroad. While her literary work has been ignored, neglected and even rejected in her native Spain, both her poetry and children’s literature have been widely accepted and won awards in other countries. The purpose of this essay is to analyze some of the factors that have given rise to such disparate receptions. Pierre Bourdieu recognizes the power of academia in the construction of the literary canon but also acknowledges the contribution of cultural agents, such as poets, journals or publishing houses, among others, in conferring status and canonical recognition on an author. Focusing on Fuertes’s poetry and the great acclaim that she has received in the United States, I study her critical reception and the contribution of translators, specifically Philip Levine, and the role played by the journal The American Poetry Review in disseminating her poems and establishing her literary reputation in the US.

Key-words: Gloria Fuertes; reception; canon and recognition; United States; cultural agents; Philip Levine; The American Poetry Review.

https://doi.org/10.17811/prep.3.2017.43-66
PDF

Citas

AMERICAN POETRY REVIEW. Records. Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare

Books and Manuscripts, University of Pennsylvania. http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/ead/upenn_rbml_Ms_Coll349

BANKIER, Joanna et all. (1978). The Other Voice. Twentieth-Century Women’s Poetry in Translation. Foreword Adrienne Rich. New York, Norton.

BELLVER, Catherine (1978). “Gloria Fuertes, Poet of Social Consciousness”, Letras Femeninas, 4.1, pp. 29-38.

(2011). “Portraits of the Poet in the Poetry of Gloria Fuertes”, en In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, coord. Margaret Persin, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp. 21-39.

BOURDIEU, Pierre (1993). The Field of Cultural Production. Essays on Art and Literature, Edición e Introducción de Randal Johnson, New York, Columbia University Press.

CARMELL, Pamela (1991). “Gloria Fuertes: Eleven Poems Translated by Pamela Carmell”, The American Poetry Review, vol. 20.2 (March / April), pp. 2-6.

(1991). “Gloria Fuertes: An Interview by Pamela Carmell”, The American Poetry Review, vol. 20.2 (March / April), pp. 5-6.

CONDE, Carmen (1954). Poesía femenina española viviente. Madrid, Editorial Arquero.

DAYDÍ-TOLSON, Santiago (1983). The Post-Civil War Spanish Social Poets, Boston, Twayne Publishers.

DEBICKI, Andrew P. (1987). Poesía del conocimiento. La generación española de 1956-1971, Gijón, Ediciones Júcar.

EAGELTON, Terry (1996). Literary Theory. An Introduction, 2 ed., Minneapolis, Minnesota University Press.

FUERTES, Gloria (1979). Obras incompletas, Edición de la autora, 5 ed., Madrid, Cátedra.

IRAVEDRA, Araceli, ed. (2013). Políticas poéticas. De canon y compromiso en la poesía española del siglo XX, Madrid, Iberoamericana.

LEVINE, Philip (1973). “Gloria Fuertes. The Women: Three Poems from the Spanish”, The American Poetry Review, vol. 2. 3, p. 12.

--- (1979). “Gloria Fuertes: two poems”, The American Poetry Review, vol. 8.6, p. 21.

---(1994). The Bread of Time: Toward an Autobiography. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

LEVINE, Philip y Ada Long (1981). “The Camel: The Chevy of the Magi”, The Kenyon Review 3.1: pp. 83-84.

LEVINE Philip and Ada Long, (eds.) (1984). Off the Map: Selected Poems, Gloria Fuertes. Middleton, CT, Wesleyan University Press.

LINDO, Elvira (1998). “Los peligros de la celebridad”, El País, 28 noviembre 1998,

http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2017/03/10/actualidad/1489159175_652640.html. Consultado 23 junio 2017.

-- (2017). “Sabe a Gloria”, El País, 11 de marzo 2017.

http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2017/03/10/actualidad/1489159175_652640.html. Consultado 23 de junio 2017.

LONG, Ada (1984). Intro. Off the Map: Selected Poems, Gloria Fuertes. Middleton, CT, Wesleyan University Press.

MAKRIS, Mary (2011). “Transcending Boundaries: Gloria Fuertes’s poetry for children and/or Adults”, En In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, coord. Margaret H. Persin,

Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp. 221-241.

MANDLOVE, Nancy (1984). “‘Historia’ e ‘Intrahistoria’: Two Spanish Women Poets in Dialogue with History”, Third Woman, 2.2, pp. 84-93.

MARÍAS, Julián (2017). “Más daño que beneficio”, El País Semanal, 25 de julio 2017,

http://elpaissemanal.elpais.com/columna/javier-marias-dano/. Consultado 25 de julio 2017.

MARSON, Ellen Engelson (1993). “Gloria Fuertes”, Spanish Women Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Sourcebook, Eds. Linda Gould Levine, Ellen Engelson Marson y Gloria Feinman Waldman, Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, pp. 194-210.

MEREGALLI, Franco (1985). “Sobre la recepción literaria”, Anales de Literatura española, 4, http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/nd/ark:/59851/bmctx413

NEWTON, Candelas (1987). “La palabra ‘convertida’ de Gloria Fuertes”, Letras Femeninas, 13, 1-2, pp. 1-11.

PERSIN, Margaret H. (1982). “Gloria Fuertes and (Her) Feminist Reader.” Revista / Review Interamericana 12.1, pp.125-132.

-- (1987). “Humor as Semiosis in the Poetry of Gloria Fuertes”, Recent Spanish Poetry and the Role of the Reader, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp. 118-136.

-- (2011) “Prologue”, En In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, coord. Margaret Persin, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp. 11-18.

-- (2011b) “Toward an Ecofeminist Dialogics in the Poetry of Gloria Fuertes”, En In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, coord. Margaret Persin, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp.242-270.

PERSIN, Margaret H., ed. (2011). In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press.

RICH, Adrienne (1978). “Foreword”, En The Other Voice. Twentieth-Century Women’s Poetry in Translation. New York, Norton, pp. xvii-xxi.

SAWYER-LAUÇANNO, Christopher (1986). “Gloria Fuertes: Two Poems”, The American Poetry Review, vol. 15.4, July / August, p. 48.

SHERNO, Sylvia (2001). Weaving the World: The Poetry of Gloria Fuertes, Jackson, Mississippi University Press.

SHOWALTER, Elaine (1985). “Toward a Feminist Poetics”, The New Feminist Criticism: Essays on Women, Literature, and Criticism, New York, Random House, 125-143.

ST. MARTIN, Hardie (1976). Roots and Wings. Poetry from Spain 1900-1975. A Bilingual Anthology, New York, Harper and Row.

UGALDE, Sharon K. (2011). “Community and the Privileging of Sound in the Poetry of Gloria Fuertes”, En In Her Words: Critical Studies on Gloria Fuertes, coord. Margaret Persin, Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, pp. 138-165.

UMPIERRE, Luz María (1981-1982). “Inversión de valores y efectos en el lector en ‘Oración’ de Gloria Fuertes”, Plaza: Revista de Literatura,Fall-Spring, 5-6, pp. 132-144.

US CENSUS, 2015. https://www.census.gov/topics/education.html

VILA-BELDA, Reyes (2017). “The Last Battle: Fuertes and the Politics of Emotion in Her Late Civil War Poems.” Spanish Women Writers and Spain’s Civil War. Eds. Maryellen Bieder and Roberta Johnson, London, Routledge, pp. 83-99.

--(2017b). Gloria Fuertes: Poesía contra el silencio. Literatura, censura y mercado editorial (1954-1962), Madrid, Iberoamericana-Vervuert.

VILLENA, Miguel Ángel (2009). “Reportaje memórica histórica. El exilio más ilustrado”, El País 5 de abril 2009. http://elpais.com/diario/2009/04/05/domingo/1238903555_850215.html

Consultado 9 de mayo 2017.

WILCOX, John C. (1997). Women Poets of Spain, 1860-1990. Toward a Gynocentric Vision, Urbana, Ill., University of Illinois.