Sesgos de Interpretación en Escenarios Sociales y Ansiedad Social: el Rol de las Conductas de Seguridad
PDF (English)

Palabras clave

Social anxiety
Interpretation bias
Safety behaviors
Psychometric properties Ansiedad social
Sesgos de interpretación
Conductas de seguridad
PPropiedades psicométricas

Cómo citar

Prieto-Fidalgo, Ángel, Miers, A. C., & Calvete, E. (2022). Sesgos de Interpretación en Escenarios Sociales y Ansiedad Social: el Rol de las Conductas de Seguridad. Psicothema, 34(Número 4), 489–497. Recuperado a partir de https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/19107

Resumen

Antecedentes: Aun considerándose los sesgos de interpretación (IB) y las conductas de seguridad (SB) mecanismos mantenedores de la ansiedad social (SA), son escasos los estudios que examinan estas variables en conjunto. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar si las SB explican la asociación entre IB y la SA. Para evaluar estas variables se requirió adaptar el Adolescents’ Interpretation and the Beliefs Questionnaire (AIBQ 2.0) y el Social Phobia Safety Behaviors Scale (SPSBS) en adolescentes y jóvenes españoles. Método: 826 estudiantes españoles de formación profesional (60% hombres, 14-28 años) completaron una medida de SA y el AIBQ 2.0 y SPSBS. Resultados: El path analysis mostró que las IB en escenarios offline se asociaron con SA a través de SB. Las IB en situaciones offline, pero no online, se asociaron directamente con SA. El AIBQ 2.0 mostró una estructura de dos dimensiones y consistencia interna aceptable. El SPSBS mostró una estructura unidimensional y buena consistencia interna. Conclusiones: A falta de estudios longitudinales, los datos son compatibles con el posible rol mediador de las SB respecto a la relación entre IB y SA. Ambos instrumentos (AIBQ 2.0 y SPSBS) disponen de buenas propiedades psicométricas en estudiantes españoles.

PDF (English)

Citas

Amir, N., Foa, E. B., & Coles, M. E. (1998). Negative interpretation bias in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36(10), 945–957.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9714945

Burato, K. R. S. D. S., Crippa, J. A. D. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2009). Validity and reliability of the social phobia safety behaviour scale in social

anxiety. Revista de Psiquiatria Clinica, 36(5). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832009000500001

Caballo, V. E., Salazar, I. C., Irurtia, M. J., Arias, B., & Hofmann, S. G. (2014). Differences in social anxiety between men and women across 18

countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 64(2), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.013

Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety in adolescents: The mediating role of anxious

automatic thoughts. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27(3), 278–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.02.011

Carruthers, S. E., Warnock-Parkes, E. L., & Clark, D. M. (2019). Accessing social media: Help or hindrance for people with social anxiety? Journal

of Experimental Psychopathology, 10(2), 204380871983781. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043808719837811

Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. Heimberg, M. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social

phobia: Diagnosis,assessment, and treatment. Guilford Press.

Coles, M. E., Heimberg, R. G., & Schofield, C. A. (2008). Interpretation of facial expressions and social anxiety: Specificity and source of biases.

Cognition and Emotion, 22(6), 1159–1173. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930701685919

Cuming, S., Rapee, R. M., Kemp, N., Abbott, M. J., Peters, L., & Gaston, J. E. (2009). A self-report measure of subtle avoidance and safety

behaviors relevant to social anxiety: Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(7), 879–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.05.002

Desnoyers, A. J., Kocovski, N. L., Fleming, J. E., & Antony, M. M. (2017). Self-focused attention and safety behaviors across group therapies for social anxiety disorder. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 30(4), 441–455. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2016.1239083

Gangemi, A., Mancini, F., & van den Hout, M. (2012). Behavior as information: “If I avoid, then there must be a danger.” Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 43(4), 1032–1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.04.005

Goldammer, P., Annen, H., Stöckli, P. L., & Jonas, K. (2020). Careless responding in questionnaire measures: Detection, impact, and remedies. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(4), 101384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2020.101384

Gutiérrez-García, A., Fernández-Martín, A., Del Líbano, M., & Calvo, M. G. (2019). Selective gaze direction and interpretation of facial expressions in social anxiety. Personality and Individual Differences, 147(April), 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.034

Halldorsson, B., & Creswell, C. (2017). Social anxiety in pre-adolescent children: What do we know about maintenance? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 99, 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.013

Helbig-Lang, S., & Petermann, F. (2010). Tolerate or Eliminate? A Systematic Review on the Effects of Safety Behavior Across Anxiety Disorders. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 17(3), 218–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.2010.01213.x

Hernández, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2020). International Test Commission guidelines for test adaptation: A criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390–398. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.306

Hutchins, N., Allen, A., Curran, M., & Kannis-Dymand, L. (2021). Social anxiety and online social interaction. Australian Psychologist, 56(2), 142–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2021.1890977

Inglés, C. J., Martínez-Monteagudo, M. C., Delgado, B., Torregrosa, M. S., Redondo, J., Benavides, G., García-Fernández, J. M., & García-López,

L. J. (2008). Prevalencia de la conducta agresiva, conducta prosocial y ansiedad social en una muestra de adolescentes españoles: Un estudio comparativo [Prevalence of aggressive behaviour, prosocial behaviour, and social anxiety in a sample of Spanish adolescents: A comparative study]. Infancia y Aprendizaje, 31(4), 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1174/021037008786140968

Ingles, C. J., La Greca, A. M., Marzo, J. C., Garcia-Lopez, L. J., & Garcia- Fernandez, J. M. (2010). Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents: Factorial invariance and latent mean differences across gender and age in Spanish adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(8), 847–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.007

Jalnapurkar, I., Allen, M., & Pigott, T. (2018). Sex Differences in Anxiety Disorders: A Review. Psychiatry, Depression & Anxiety, 4(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.24966/PDA-0150/100011

Jones, E. B., & Sharpe, L. (2017). Cognitive bias modification: A review of meta-analyses. Journal of Affective Disorders, 223, 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.034

Kingsbury, M., & Coplan, R. J. (2016). RU mad @ me? Social anxiety and interpretation of ambiguous text messages. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 368–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.032

Kocovski, N. L., MacKenzie, M. B., Albiani, J. J., Battista, S. R., Noel, S., Fleming, J. E., & Antony, M. M. (2016). Safety Behaviors and Social Anxiety: An Examination of the Social Phobia Safety Behaviours Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9498-6

Korte, K. J., Unruh, A. S., Oglesby, M. E., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015). Safety aid use and social anxiety symptoms: The mediating role of perceived control. Psychiatry Research, 228(3), 510–515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.06.006

Langer, J. K., & Rodebaugh, T. L. (2013). Social Anxiety and Gaze Avoidance: Averting Gaze but not Anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37(6), 1110–1120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9546-z

Lee, B. W., & Stapinski, L. A. (2012). Seeking safety on the internet: Relationship between social anxiety and problematic internet use. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(1), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.11.001

Leigh, E., & Clark, D. M. (2018). Understanding Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents and Improving Treatment Outcomes: Applying the Cognitive Model of Clark and Wells (1995). Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 21(3), 388–414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0258-5

Makkar, S. R., & Grisham, J. R. (2011). Social anxiety and the effects of negative self-imagery on emotion, cognition, and post-event processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(10), 654–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.07.004

Marsh, A. A., Ambady, N., and Kleck, R. E. (2005). The effects of fear and anger facial expressions on approach and avoidance-related behaviors. Emotion 5, 119–124. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.5.1.119

Maoz, K., Eldar, S., Stoddard, J., Pine, D. S., Leibenluft, E., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2016). Angry-happy interpretations of ambiguous faces in social anxiety disorder. Psychiatry Research, 241, 122–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.100

McManus, F., Clark, D. M., Grey, N., Wild, J., Hirsch, C., Fennell, M., Hackmann, A., Waddington, L., Liness, S., & Manley, J. (2009). A demonstration of the efficacy of two of the components of cognitive therapy for social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(4), 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.10.010

McManus, F., Sacadura, C., & Clark, D. M. (2008). Why social anxiety persists: An experimental investigation of the role of safety behaviours as a maintaining factor. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 39(2), 147–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.12.002

Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Bögels, S. M., & Westenberg, P. M. (2008). Interpretation bias and social anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(8), 1462–1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.02.010

Miers, A. C., Sumter, S. R., Clark, D. M., & Leigh, E. (2020). Interpretation Bias in Online and Offline Social Environments and Associations with Social Anxiety, Peer Victimization, and Avoidance Behavior. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(4), 820–833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10097-1

Moscovitch, D. A., Rowa, K., Paulitzki, J. R., Ierullo, M. D., Chiang, B., Antony, M. M., & McCabe, R. E. (2013). Self-portrayal concerns and their relation to safety behaviors and negative affect in social anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51(8), 476–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2013.05.002

Muñiz, J., Elosua, P., & Hambleton, R. K. (2013). Directrices para la traducción y adaptación de los tests: Segunda edición. [International Test Commission Guidelines for test translation and adaptation: Second edition.] Psicothema, 25(2), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2013.24

Olivares, J., Ruiz, J., Hidalgo, M. D., García-López, L. J., Rosa, A. I., & Piqueras, J. A. (2005). Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A): Psychometric properties in a Spanish-speaking population. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 5(1), 85–97. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33701005

Odgers, C. L., & Jensen, M. R. (2020). Adolescent development and growing divides in the digital age. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 22(2), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.2/codgers

Piccirillo, M. L., Taylor Dryman, M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2016). Safety Behaviors in Adults With Social Anxiety: Review and Future Directions. Behavior Therapy, 47(5), 675–687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.11.005

Pinto-Gouveia, Jos, Cunha, M. I., & do Cu Salvador, M. (2003). Assessment Of Social Phobia By Self-Report Questionnaires: The Social Interaction And Performance Anxiety And Avoidance Scale And The Social Phobia Safety Behaviours Scale. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 31(3), Article S1352465803003059. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465803003059

Pinto-Gouveia, José, Cunha, M. I., & Do Céu Salvador, M. (2003). Assessment of social phobia by self-report questionnaires: The Social Interaction and Performance Anxiety and Avoidance Scale and the Social Phobia Safety Behaviours Scale. Behavioural and Cognitive

Psychotherapy, 31(3), 291–311. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465803003059

Plasencia, M. L., Alden, L. E., & Taylor, C. T. (2011). Differential effects of safety behaviour subtypes in social anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(10), 665–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.07.005

Riordan, M. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2010). Cues in computer-mediated communication: A corpus analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1806–1817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.07.008.

Soper, D.S. (2022). A-priori Sample Size Calculator for Structural Equation Models [Software]. https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc

Thomas, S. A., Weeks, J. W., Dougherty, L. R., Lipton, M. F., Daruwala, S. E., Kline, K., & De Los Reyes, A. (2015). Allelic Variation of Risk for Anxiety Symptoms Moderates the Relation Between Adolescent Safety Behaviors and Social Anxiety Symptoms. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(4), 597–610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9488-8

Torregrosa, M. S., Gómez, M. I., Sanmartín, R., García, J. M., La Greca, A. M., Zhou, X., Redondo, J., & Ingles, C. J. (2022). Measurement Invariance and Latent Mean Differences Between American, Spanish and Chinese Adolescents Using the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A). Psicothema, 34(1), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2021.42

van den Hout, M., Gangemi, A., Mancini, F., Engelhard, I. M., Rijkeboer, M. M., van Dams, M., & Klugkist, I. (2014). Behavior as information about threat in anxiety disorders: A comparison of patients with anxiety disorders and non-anxious controls. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45(4), 489–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.07.002