Palabras clave
Construct validity
MIRT
Cognitive screening
Psychometrics Validez de constructo
MIRT
Rastreo cognitivo
Psicometría
Cómo citar
Resumen
Antecedentes: El Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) se emplea ampliamente para el rastreo cognitivo, pero
su dimensionalidad y precisión por dominio requieren validación con métodos para ítems ordinales. El objetivo fue
analizar la estructura interna del MoCA en una muestra comunitaria española sin deterioro cognitivo (DC) y examinar su
relación con variables potencialmente relacionadas con el riesgo de DC. Método: Se evaluó a 1,767 adultos (18-89 años)
españoles procedentes de centros de atención primaria mediante el MoCA y se registraron variables sociodemográficas
y de salud. Se analizaron la estructura interna y propiedades métricas mediante modelos factoriales y teoría de respuesta
al ítem, así como su asociación con variables externas y la concordancia de la solución resultante. Resultados: Los
modelos teóricos contrastados no mostraron ajuste adecuado. La validación cruzada identificó una solución de 12 ítems
en dos factores correlacionados (Mnésico y Múltiple), con ajuste excelente (CFI = .991; RMSEA = .019) y correlación
latente r = .63. La versión abreviada mostró alta concordancia con la puntuación total (CCI = .96) y acuerdo sustancial
en la clasificación dicotómica (k = .84). Conclusiones: El MoCA mostró una estructura de dos factores y asociaciones
coherentes con variables externas como la edad, el nivel educativo y el riesgo vascular; se recomienda priorizar una
interpretación dimensional
Citas
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