Palabras clave
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
Dementia
Transcranial alternating current
stimulation (tACS)
Attention Deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS)
Deterioro cognitivo ligero (DCL)
Demencia
Estimulación eléctrica transcraneal
por corriente alterna (tACS)
Atención
Cómo citar
Resumen
Antecedentes: El deterioro cognitivo relacionado con la edad está aumentando debido a una mayor esperanza de vida, lo que requiere nuevos tratamientos, ya que los medicamentos actuales son ineficaces y costosos. La estimulación transcraneal por corriente alterna en frecuencia theta (theta-tACS) ha mostrado potencial para mejorar la función cognitiva tanto en adultos jóvenes como mayores, pero su efectividad en personas con deterioro cognitivo no está bien estudiada. Método: Este estudio incluyó a 27 participantes con deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS), deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y demencia, quienes se sometieron a múltiples sesiones que combinaron entrenamiento cognitivo computarizado con theta-tACS para evaluar su eficacia. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de tACS real o un grupo de tACS placebo. Antes y después del tratamiento, completaron tareas cognitivas y se recogieron datos comportamentales y de EEG. Resultados: Solo el grupo de tACS real mejoró en la tarea oddball y presentó un aumento en la amplitud del EEG en el rango theta. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos sugieren que theta-tACS puede mejorar el rendimiento cognitivo en personas con deterioro cognitivo, a nivel conductual y psicofisiológico, apoyando su potencial para aliviar el deterioro cognitivo en poblaciones mayores.
Citas
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