The persistent and informative distribution of returns on capital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.8.3.2019.156-165Abstract
This Letter draws on series of very large national samples to show that cross-sectional distributions of realized returns on capital (RoC) are persistently well described by the same functional form: double stretched-exponentials. The Letter shows how the tails of these distributions can be understood as entropy maxima, suggesting complex patterns of competitive interactions across decentralized, market economies sustain formally persistent statistical equilibria in markets for capital. Such equilibria and their characteristics set the explanatory burden for successful economic accounts of the competitive regulation of profitability. They also point toward interesting new lines of inquiry on the systemic consequences of market competition in those economies and on the price structures it conditions.
References
Alfarano, Simone and Mishael Milakovi ́c (2008). “Does classical competition explain the statistical features of firm growth?” Economics Letters 101.3, pp. 272–274.
Alfarano, Simone, Mishael Milakovi ́c, Albrecht Irle, and Jonas Kauschke (2012). “A statistical equilibrium model of competitive firms.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 36.1, pp. 136–149.
Anteneodo, C and A R Plastino (1999). “Maximum entropy approach to stretched exponential probability distributions.” Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 32.1999, pp. 1089– 1097.
Bottazzi, G. and A. Secchi (2003). “Why Are Distributions of Firm Growth Rates Tent-shaped?” Economics Letters 80, pp. 415–420.
Bottazzi, G. and A. Secchi (2006). “Explaining the Distribution of Firm Growth Rates.” The RAND Journal of Economics 37.2, pp. 235–256.
Bureau Van Dijk, Moody’s Analytics (2017). Orbis/Amadeus Company Database. Electronic Database.
Debreu, Gerard (1959). Theory of Value. Yale University Press.
Dos Santos, Paulo L. (2017). “The Principle of Social Scaling.” Complexity 2017.doi:10.1155/2017/8358909.
Farjoun, F and M Machover (1983). Laws of Chaos: A Probabilistic Approach to Political Economy.Verso.
Flaschel, P, R Franke, and R Veneziani (2012). “The Measurement of Prices of Production: An
Alternative Approach.” Review of Political Economy 24.3, pp. 417–435.
Gibrat, R. (1931). Les In ́egalit ́es Economiques. Sirley.
Glick, Mark and Erbar (1988). “Profit Rate Equalization in the U.S. and Europe: An Econometric
Investigation.” European Journal of Political Economy 4.1, pp. 179–201.
Hanel, R and S Thurner (2011). “When do generalized entropies apply? How phase space volume
determines entropy.” EPL 96.2011, pp. 1–5.
Hayek, F.A. (1946). “The Meaning of Competition.” In: Individualism and Economic Order, University of Chicago Press.
Jaynes, Edwin T. (1979). “Concentration of Distributions at Entropy Maxima.” In: E. T. Jaynes:
Papers on Probability, Statistics and Statistical Physics. Ed. by R. D. Rosenkrantz. D. Reidel,
Dordrecht.
Marshall, Alfred (n.d.).
Marx, Karl (1967). Capital, Volume II - The Process of Circulation of Capital. Ed. by Friedrich Engels. International Publishers, NYC.
Marx, Karl (1992). Capital, Volume III - The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole. Penguin. Murphy, Kevin (2012).
Machine Learning: a Probabilistic Perspective. MIT Press.
Scharfenaker, Ellis and Gregor Semieniuk (2016). “A Statistical Equilibrium Approach to the Distribution of Profit Rates.” Metroeconomica.
Scharfernaker, Ellis and Duncan Foley (2017). “Quantal Response Statistical Equilibrium in Economic Interactions: Theory and Estimation.” Entropy 19.444.
Shaikh, Anwar (2016). Capitalism–Competition, Conflict, Crises. Oxford University Press.
Smith, Adam (1982). The Wealth of Nations. Penguin.
Soofi, Ehsan S, Nadar Ebrahimi, and Mohammed Habibullah (1995). “Information Distinguishability with Application to Analysis of Failure Data.” Journal of the American Statistical Asso-
ciation 90.430, pp. 657–668.
Soofi, E.S and J.J. Retzer (2002). “Information indicies: unification and applications.” Journal of Econometrics 107, pp. 17–40.
Sraffa, Piero (1960). Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities. Cambridge University Press.
Stanley, M.H.R., L.A.N. Amaral, S.V. Buldyrev, S. Havlin, H. Leschhorn, P. Maass, M.A. Salinger, and H.E. Stanley (1996). “Scaling behavior in the growth of companies.” Nature 379, pp. 804– 806.
Wells, Patrick (2007). “The Rate of Profit as a Random Variable.” PhD thesis. The Open University.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The works published in this journal are subject to the following terms:
1. Oviedo University Press (the publisher) retains the property rights (copyright) of published works, and encourages and enables the reuse of the same under the license specified in paragraph 2.
© Ediuno. Ediciones de la Universidad de Oviedo / Oviedo University Press
2. The works are published in the online edition of the journal under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Non Derives 3.0 Spain (legal text). You can copy, use, distribute, transmit and publicly display, provided that: i) you cite the author and the original source of publication (journal, publisher and URL of the work), ii) they are not used for commercial purposes, iii) mentions the existence and specifications of this license.
3. Conditions of self-archiving. The author can archive the post-print version of the article (publisher’s version) on the author’s personal website and/or on the web of the institution where he belong, including a link to the page of the journal and putting the way of citation of the work. Economics and Business Letters and its URL https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/EBL/index are the only authorized source for correctly giving the reference of the publisher’s version in every mention of the article.