The dynamic effect of macroprudential policies on income inequality: some evidence

Authors

  • Panagiotis Konstantinou Athens University of Economics and Business and Hellenic Parliamentary Budget Office https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0426-6776
  • Anastasios Rizos Centre of Planning and Economic Research (KEPE), Greece
  • Artemis Stratopoulou Athens University of Economics and Business and ATHENA Research Centre

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.12.3.2023.248-265

Keywords:

macroprudential policies, income inequality

Abstract

We study the dynamic effects of the adoption of macroprudential policies on income inequality over the period 1990 - 2015. We utilize local projections for horizons up to 5 years, and we document that the implementation of borrower-targeted MAPs increases income inequality since they pose obstacles to the access to credit based on household-specific characteristics; however, some financial institutions-targeted instruments (i.e., capital and reserve requirements) lead to a more equal income distribution. 

References

Amaral, P. (2017): Monetary Policy and Inequality, Economic Commentary, 2017-01, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, Cleveland.

Alam Z., Alter A., Eiseman J., Gelos G., Kang H., Narita M., Nier E., and Wang N. (2019): “Digging Deeper – Evidence on the Effects of Macroprudential Policies from a New Database”, IMF Working Paper.

Allen, F. and Wood, G. (2006): “Defining and achieving financial stability”, Journal of Financial Stability, 2: 152-172.

Bampinas, G., Konstantinou, P., and Panagiotidis, T. (2017) Inequality, demographics, and the housing wealth effect: Panel quantile regression evidence for the US. Finance Research Let-ters, 23, 19-22.

Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2007): “Finance, inequality and the poor”, Journal of Economic Growth 12: 27-49.

Borio, C. and Drehmann, M. (2009): “Towards an operational framework for financial stability: fuzzy measurement and its consequences”, BIS Working Paper No 284.

Brei, M., Ferri, G. and Gambacorta, L. (2018): “Financial structure and income inequality”, BIS Working Paper No 756.

Carpantier, J.F., Olivera, J. and Van Kerm, P. (2018): “Macroprudential policy and household wealth inequality”, Journal of International Money and Finance, 85: 262 – 277.

Carreras, O., Davis, E.P., and Piggott, R., (2018) Assessing macroprudential tools in OECD countries within a cointegration framework. Journal of Financial Stability, 37, 112–130.

Cerutti, E., Claessens, S., and Laeven, L. (2017): “The Use and Effectiveness of Macroprudential Policies: New Evidence”, Journal of Financial Stability, Vol. 28, pp 203-224.

Chernenko, S., and Sunderam, A. (2014) Frictions in shadow banking: evidence from the lend-ing behaviour of money market mutual funds. The Review of Financial Studies, 27(6), 1717-1750.

Cloyne, J, C Ferreira, and P Surico (2020). Monetary policy when households have debt: new evidence on the transmission mechanism, The Review of Economic Studies, 87(1),102–129.

Coibion, O., Gorodnichenko, Y., Kueng, L. and Silvia, J. (2017): Innocent bystanders? Monetary Policy and Inequality, Journal of Monetary Economics, 88, 70-88.

Colciago, A., Samarina, A. and de Haan, J. (2019): “Central Bank Policies and Income and Wealth Inequality: A Survey”, Journal of Economic Surveys, 33(4): 1199–1231.

De Schryder, S. and Opitz, F. (2021) Macroprudential policy and its impact on the credit cycle, Journal of Financial Stability, 53, 100818.

Delis, M., Hasan, I. and Kazakis, P. (2014): “Bank regulations and income inequality: Empirical evidence”, Review of Finance, 18(5): 1811-1846.

Dossche, M, J Slačαlek and G Wolswijk (2021) Monetary policy and inequality, ECB Economic Bulletin 2/2021.

Evgenidis A., and Fasianos, A. (2021) Unconventional monetary policy and wealth inequalities in Great Britain, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 83, 115-175.

Frost, J. and Stralen, V.R. (2018): “Macroprudential Policy and Income Inequality”, Journal of International Money and Finance, 85, 278-290.

Furceri, D., Loungani, P. and Zdzienicka, A. (2018) The effects of monetary policy shocks on inequality, Journal of International Money and Finance 85, 168–186.

Gygli, S., Haelg, F. and Sturm, J.E. (2019): “The KOF Globalization Index – Revisited”, The Review of International Organizations, 14, 543-574.

Hanson, S., Kashyap, A. and Stein, J. (2011): “A Macro-prudential Approach to Financial Regulation”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25, 3-28.

Hanson, S., Scharfstein, D., and Sunderam, A. (2015) An evaluation of money market fund reform proposals. IMF Economic Review, 63: 984-1023

Jorda, O. (2005): “Estimation and Inference of Impulse Responses by Local Projections”, American Economic Review, 95 (1), 161-182.

Jorda O., Schularick M., Taylor A. M. (2013): “When Credit Bites Back”, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 45 (2), pages 3 – 28.

Konstantinou P., Rizos, A., Stratopoulou, A. (2022), “Macroprudential Policies and Income Inequality in Former Transition Economies”, Economic Change and Restructuring, Vol. 55, pp. 1005-1062.

Laeven, L. and Valencia, F. (2013): “Systemic Banking Crises Database”, IMF Economic Review 61: 225-270.

Lahoti, R., Jayadev, A. and Reddy, S. (2016): “The Global Consumption and Income Project (GCIP): An Overview”, Journal of Globalization and Development, vol. 7, issue 1, 61-108.

Lenza, M., and Slacalek, J., (2018) How does monetary policy affect income and wealth inequality? Evidence from quantitative easing in the euro area, ECB Working Paper No 2190

Lim, C., Costa, A., Columba, F., Kongsamut, P., Otani, A., Saiyid, M., Wezel, T. and X. Wu (2011): “Macroprudential Policy: What Instruments and How to Use Them? Lessons from Country Experiences”, IMF Working Paper, WP/11/238.

McCabe, P. (2010) The cross section of money market fund risks and financial crises. FEDS Working Paper.

Mendicino, C., Nikolov, K., Suarez, J. and Supera, D. (2018): Optimal Dynamic Capital Requirements, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 50(6), 1271-1297.

Monnin, P. (2017): “Monetary Policy, Macroprudential Regulation and Inequality”, CEP council on economic policies, CEP Discussion Papers.

Montecino, J., and Epstein, G. (2015). Did quantitative easing increase income inequality? Institute for new economic thinking working paper series, 28.

Mumtaz, H. and Theophilopoulou, A. (2017) The impact of monetary policy on inequality in the UK. An empirical analysis. European Economic Review, 98, 410–423.

Perotti, E. and Suarez, J. (2009): “Liquidity risk charges as a Macroprudential tool”, Mimeo, University of Amsterdam.

Rabitsch K., and Punzi, M.T. (2017): “Borrower heterogeneity within a risky mortgage-lending market”, Department of Economics Working Paper 5429, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna.

Rubio, M., and Unsal, F.D. (2017): “Macroprudential Policy, Incomplete Information and Inequality: The case of Low-Income and Developing Countries”, IMF Working Paper, WP/17/59.

Schinasi (2004): “Safeguarding financial stability, theory and practice”, International Monetary Fund.

Svirydzenka, K. (2016): “Introducing a New Broad-based Index of Financial Development”, IMF Working Paper No. 16/5.

Valencia, F. and Laeven, L. (2012): “Systemic Banking Crises Database: An Update”, IMF Working Paper No. 12/163.

Downloads

Published

09-10-2023

How to Cite

Konstantinou, P., Rizos, A., & Stratopoulou, A. (2023). The dynamic effect of macroprudential policies on income inequality: some evidence. Economics and Business Letters, 12(3), 248–265. https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.12.3.2023.248-265