Palabras clave
Theory of mind
Executive functions
Adaptive behavior
Family variables Severidad del autismo
Teoría de la mente
Funciones ejecutivas
Conducta adaptativa
Variables familiares
Cómo citar
Resumen
Predictores Personales y Familiares de Resultados Funcionales de Adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo. Antecedentes: el presente estudio exploró variables del niño y familiares que predicen el funcionamiento conductual/ emocional, adaptativo y transición a la Secundaria de adolescentes con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Método: se evaluó a 45 individuos con TEA sin discapacidad intelectual en la infancia y casi 5 años después, recogiendo información del niño (funciones ejecutivas, teoría de la mente, y síntomas de autismo), y de padres (estrés, apoyo social, estrategias de afrontamiento). Resultados: las funciones ejecutivas predijeron adaptación académica y dificultades en la adolescencia, mientras que la teoría de la mente predijo resultados en socialización y habilidades de la vida diaria. Los síntomas de autismo tuvieron valor predictivo en los cuatro dominios de resultados. El nivel educativo, el estrés de los padres y el apoyo social predijeron la socialización, mientras que la implicación predijo las habilidades de la vida diaria. Conclusiones: los hallazgos tienen connotaciones para la evaluación e intervención en autismo. Los programas en funciones ejecutivas y en teoría de la mente mejorarían resultados conductuales/emocionales, adaptativos y ajuste escolar. Además, el estudio señala la necesidad de incluir en las intervenciones con familias principios de paternidad positiva y de análisis conductual, junto con apoyo parental, manejo del estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento.
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