Predictores Personales y Familiares de Resultados Funcionales de Adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo
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Palabras clave

Autism severity
Theory of mind
Executive functions
Adaptive behavior
Family variables Severidad del autismo
Teoría de la mente
Funciones ejecutivas
Conducta adaptativa
Variables familiares

Cómo citar

Roselló, B., Mira, Álvaro, Berenguer, C., Baixauli, I., & Miranda, A. (2022). Predictores Personales y Familiares de Resultados Funcionales de Adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo. Psicothema, 34(Número 4), 508–517. Recuperado a partir de https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/19109

Resumen

Predictores Personales y Familiares de Resultados Funcionales de Adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo. Antecedentes: el presente estudio exploró variables del niño y familiares que predicen el funcionamiento conductual/ emocional, adaptativo y transición a la Secundaria de adolescentes con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Método: se evaluó a 45 individuos con TEA sin discapacidad intelectual en la infancia y casi 5 años después, recogiendo información del niño (funciones ejecutivas, teoría de la mente, y síntomas de autismo), y de padres (estrés, apoyo social, estrategias de afrontamiento). Resultados: las funciones ejecutivas predijeron adaptación académica y dificultades en la adolescencia, mientras que la teoría de la mente predijo resultados en socialización y habilidades de la vida diaria. Los síntomas de autismo tuvieron valor predictivo en los cuatro dominios de resultados. El nivel educativo, el estrés de los padres y el apoyo social predijeron la socialización, mientras que la implicación predijo las habilidades de la vida diaria. Conclusiones: los hallazgos tienen connotaciones para la evaluación e intervención en autismo. Los programas en funciones ejecutivas y en teoría de la mente mejorarían resultados conductuales/emocionales, adaptativos y ajuste escolar. Además, el estudio señala la necesidad de incluir en las intervenciones con familias principios de paternidad positiva y de análisis conductual, junto con apoyo parental, manejo del estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento.

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