Resumen
Antecedentes: El estrés temprano (ET) y el consumo materno de una dieta alta en grasas y azúcares (HFS) pueden tener efectos perjudiciales sobre las respuestas emocionales en la adultez. La microbiota y el eje intestino-cerebro podrían mediar la regulación del estrés y las emociones. Método: Ratas macho jóvenes se expusieron a separación materna (SM) y a consumo materno y postnatal de una dieta HFS (45%kcal grasa saturada, 17%kcal sacarosa). Se evaluó el comportamiento ansioso mediante el laberinto cero elevado y el comportamiento depresivo mediante natación forzada y preferencia por sacarosa. Se analizó la microbiota en heces empleando cromatografía de gas y espectrometría de masas. Resultados: La exposición combinada a la SM y el consumo de una dieta HFS revirtió parcialmente la ansiedad y depresión en adultos causadas independientemente por cada factor adverso. La dieta influyó negativamente más que la exposición a ET en la microbiota y ambos factores modificaron su composición contrarrestando parcialmente sus efectos negativos. Conclusiones: Los efectos del ET y una dieta HFS por independiente varían con respecto a los efectos de la combinación de ambos factores, sugiriendo que el ET y la dieta interactúan modulando en el adulto la respuesta al estrés y la microbiota intestinal.
Citas
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