Resumen
Antecedentes: La proliferación de intervenciones e investigaciones psicológicas realizadas a través de internet ha fomentado la aplicación de cuestionarios online para evaluar trastornos mentales comunes como la ansiedad perinatal. Este estudio analiza la validez y fiabilidad de la versión online de la Escala de Ansiedad Generalizada (GAD-7) en una muestra de mujeres españolas embarazadas y puérperas. Método: 3082 mujeres embarazadas (n = 1260) y puérperas (n = 1822) fueron reclutadas por internet y seguidas durante seis meses en tres momentos de tiempo. Resultados: El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio aportó una solución unifactorial que se confirmó mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio en embarazadas (CFI = 0.998; RMSEA = 0.035) y puérperas (CFI = 0.998; RMSEA = 0.038). Este modelo mostró invarianza estricta por grupo. La validez se confirmó evaluando las correlaciones entre GAD-7 con la Escala de Depresión Postnatal de Edimburgo y los 10 ítems de la lista de verificación del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático en los tres momentos evaluados. El coeficiente de fiabilidad fue .92 para ambos grupos. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra que la versión online en español del GAD-7 tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas y puede ser utilizada para evaluar síntomas de ansiedad durante el período perinatal
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