Abstract
Bias Detection Using Factor Analysis and Area Measures. This work aims to examine whether or not there is bias against males and females in two well-known and very widely used tests of numerical ability: those of Tests of Educational Abilities and Differential Aptitude Tests. Two different methods have been used to study bias: (1) a factor analytic method whose purpose was to compare the factorial structures obtained in the male and female samples and (2) an item response theory-based method consisting of calculating the signed and unsigned area statistics (Raju, 1988, 1990). The pattern of results obtained is different depending on the method used.
