Abstract
Statistical significance and replicability of the data. This paper analyses the relationship between the concepts of statistical significance (level of probability, p) and replicability. The level of statistical significance (for example, p = 0.01) indicates the probability of the data under the null hypothesis assumption, however, this does not mean that in a later replication the probability to obtain significant differences will be the complementary, 0.99. If correctly understood, replicability is exclusively related to the reliability and consistency of the data. The only way to evaluate reliability is through repeated empirical tests.
