La Cognición Social Media el Impacto de la Velocidad de Procesamiento y la Atención Sostenida Sobre el Funcionamiento Global en Esquizofrenia
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Palabras clave

Processing speed
Sustained attention
Social cognition
Schizophrenia
Psychosis Velocidad de procesamiento
Atención sostenida
Cognición social
Esquizofrenia
Psicosis

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Ruiz-Toca, A., Fernández-Aragón, C., Madrigal, A., Halverson, T., Rodríguez-Jiménez, R., & Lahera, G. (2023). La Cognición Social Media el Impacto de la Velocidad de Procesamiento y la Atención Sostenida Sobre el Funcionamiento Global en Esquizofrenia. Psicothema, 35(1), 87–97. Recuperado a partir de https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/19406

Resumen

Antecedentes: Los déficits en el procesamiento de la información, la atención sostenida y la cognición social tienen implicaciones importantes para el funcionamiento diario de las personas con esquizofrenia. El presente estudio analizó la relación entre velocidad de procesamiento, atención sostenida, cognición social y funcionamiento en personas clínicamente estables con esquizofrenia. Método: Noventa personas con esquizofrenia y 100 controles sanos completaron una batería de pruebas para evaluar síntomas clínicos, velocidad de procesamiento, atención sostenida, cognición social y funcionamiento. Se utilizaron GLMM y SEM para evaluar las relaciones entre variables. Resultados: Las personas con esquizofrenia tuvieron un peor rendimiento en todos los resultados cognitivos. La velocidad de procesamiento y la atención sostenida, juntas en una variable latente, tuvieron un fuerte efecto sobre el funcionamiento (Beta = 0,32; p < 0,05). La cognición social también tuvo un fuerte efecto sobre el funcionamiento (Beta = 0,29; p < 0,001) en el modelo de mediación, que mostró mejores índices de ajuste que el modelo que incluía solo neurocognición (e.g. RMSEAbasic = 0.131 y RMSEAmediator = 0.054). Conclusiones: El efecto mediador de la cognición social sobre la relación entre la velocidad de procesamiento, la atención sostenida y el funcionamiento sugiere la importancia de incluir ambos dominios junto con la cognición social como objetivos de tratamiento en las intervenciones de rehabilitación.

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