Resumen
Antecedentes: En este estudio se explora el ritmo del cambio psicológico en la terapia presencial (F2F) y por videoconferencia (VCP). También pretende ofrecer una herramienta metodológica que permita su estudio y generar hipótesis que podrían explicar el ritmo de cambio en F2F y VCP. Se predijo que el cambio en la terapia sería no lineal y más rápido en F2F que en VCP. Método: Se recogieron registros sesión a sesión de dos medidas de cambio (evaluadas por terapeutas y clientes, respectivamente) de 113 participantes de F2F (n = 57) y VCP (n = 56), resultando en 2552 sesiones de terapia. Se propuso un diseño longitudinal no manipulativo mediante modelos multinivel de curvas de crecimiento. Se ajustaron diferentes modelos para dar cuenta de las trayectorias seguidas en promedio por los participantes. Resultados: Los modelos elegidos para los datos de los terapeutas (X2 = 4.42, p < .05, r2 = .54) y de los clientes (X2 = 6.31, p < .05, r2 = .53), mostraron tamaños del efecto elevados. Los resultados mostraron que el cambio era no lineal y más rápido en F2F, como habíamos predicho. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la terapia psicológica proporcionada a través de Internet. Se lanzan varias hipótesis para intentar explicar qué procesos podrían estar detrás de estos resultados.
Citas
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