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La Intervención Precoz de Cuidados Paliativos (IPCP) en tumores sólidos mejora el control de síntomas tanto físicos como emocionales, la calidad de vida y disminuye el gasto sanitario. Se desconoce el posible beneficio de la IPCP en tumores hematológicos. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar el beneficio en el control sintomático, tras la puesta en marcha de una consulta externa de IPCP (MM-PAL) en pacientes con mieloma múltiple. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes visitados por primera vez en MM-PAL, desde febrero a diciembre de 2013. Durante la primera visita y las siguientes 3 visitas se evaluaron: dolor, anorexia, estreñimiento, insomnio, náuseas y vómitos, disnea, ansiedad y tristeza evaluándose con una Escala Numérica Visual (ENV) (0=Síntoma no presente; 10= La intensidad más alta posible). Se calculó la carga de los síntomas físicos (anorexia, estreñimiento, insomnio, náuseas y vómitos, disnea) y de los emocionales (ansiedad y tristeza) sumando sus puntuaciones. Se evaluaron el «Peor Dolor» y el «Dolor Promedio», y su interferencia en la actividad general, el sueño y el estado de ánimo. Se visitaron 67 pacientes y tras 3 visitas de seguimiento (mediana de seguimiento 60 días) la proporción de pacientes con dolor moderado-severo (ENV≥5) se redujo para el «Peor Dolor» (57% vs. 18%; P<0.0001) y el «Dolor Promedio» (24% vs. 2%; P<0.0001). El porcentaje de pacientes sin interferencia por el dolor mejoró: actividad general (52% vs. 82%; P=0.0001), sueño (73% vs. 91%; P=0.01), estado de ánimo (52% vs. 87,5%; P=0.0001). La carga sintomática física y emocional, y la proporción de pacientes deprimidos (13% vs. 5%; P=0.001) mejoraron. Finalizado el seguimiento 86,6% de los pacientes seguían vivos y eran visitados en MM-PAL. Concluimos que una IPCP es factible en hematología, obteniéndose un buen control del dolor y de los otros síntomas, así como la adherencia al MM-PAL.
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