The Transition to Modernity in Spanish Furniture during the 1950s

Abstract

The transition process from craftsmanship to modern design in Spanish furniture manufacturing is reviewed. Although specific earlier contributions can be identified, the history of Spanish design begins—strictly speaking—after the Civil War, linked to the process of economic growth and industrialisation. Parallels are detected and affinities are identified between the Spanish case and that of other neighbouring countries.

Along these lines, the promotion and protection of artisanal production during the autarky is assimilated with certain outdates debates between craftsmanship and industry that occurred in professional sectors in other geographies. During the 1950s, the country's alignment with the Western bloc contributed to its progressive international acceptance, a shift in economic direction, and a rural exodus that led to substandard housing. Professional debates centre on the search for viable solutions to this problem of housing and its furnishings. Through the guidance of certain professionals, it is in these circles that both modern Spanish architecture and furniture are conceived, assuming a role parallel to the European masters of the interwar period. This process constitutes the central axis of reflection in this text.