HISTOPATHOLOGY INSIGHTS, MOLECULAR CORRELATES, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA OF THE TESTIS: A CASE REPORT
PDF

Keywords

Neoplasia neuroendocrina testicular (TNEN)
neoplasia neuroendocrina (NEN)
tumor neuroendocrino (NET)
carcinoma neuroendocrino (NEC)
tumor de células germinales (GCT)
neoplasia de células germinales in situ (GCNIS) Testicular Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (TNEN)
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (NEN)
Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET)
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (NEC)
Germ-cell tumor (GCT)
germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS)

How to Cite

Achakolong, M., & Rey, S. (2025). HISTOPATHOLOGY INSIGHTS, MOLECULAR CORRELATES, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA OF THE TESTIS: A CASE REPORT. Archives of Pathology, 5(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.17811/ap.v5i2.24060

Abstract

Testicular Neuroendocrine neoplasms represent an exceedingly rare subset of genitourinary malignancies accounting for <1% of all testicular neoplasms. They occur across a wide age range and may arise as primary testicular lesions or metastatic disease, most frequently from the gastrointestinal tract. Their rarity and diverse presentation often lead to diagnostic delays, especially in settings where classic clinical or hormonal syndromes are absent. We report a case of a testicular NEN presenting as a unilateral testicular mass in an adult male.

https://doi.org/10.17811/ap.v5i2.24060
PDF

References

Amine MM, Mohamed B, Mourad H, et al. Neuroendocrine Testicular Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Urol. 2017;10(1):15-25. doi:10.1159/000447146

Alsharif S, Al-Shraim M, Alhadi A, et al. An introduction to the WHO 5th edition 2022 classification of testicular tumours. Mod Pathol. 2020;31(12):3-7. doi:10.1111/his.14675

Berney DM, Cree I, Rao V, et al. An introduction to the WHO 5th edition 2022 classification of testicular tumours. Histopathology. 2022;81(4):459-466. doi:10.1111/his.14675

Oronsky B, Ma PC, Morgensztern D, Carter CA. Nothing But NET: A Review of Neuroendocrine Tumors and Carcinomas. Neoplasia (United States). 2017;19(12):991-1002. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2017.09.002

Zhiqi Z, Fang N. Prepubertal testicular neuroendocrine tumor in postpubertal males: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2025;19(1):509. doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05579-3

Türkmen E, Kodaz BEH, Uzunoǧlu S. A small cell carcinoma in the testis associated with testicular teratoma. Balkan Med J. 2014;31(2):191-192. doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2014.13086

Lubana SS, Singh N, Chan HC, Heimann D. Primary neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) of the testis: A case report with review of literature. Am J Case Rep. 2015;16:328-332. doi:10.12659/AJCR.894463

Albalawi AA, Bedaiwi AK, Alotaibi MA, Bedaiwi K. Testicular Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Case Report

Wang G, Xiong W, Tucker T, Tran H, Nappi L, Yuan R. Primary pure carcinoid tumor of the testis: Radiology, pathology and molecular correlation. Urol Case Reports. 2021;39:101787. doi:10.1016/j.eucr.2021.101787

Munshi SA, Saada H, Mujtaba S, Elkoushy MA. Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with azoospermia: Extending indications for testicle-sparing surgery. Urol Case Reports. 2019;23(December 2018):78-81. doi:10.1016/j.eucr.2019.01.005

Ashrafganjoei T, Sourati A, Mohamadianamiri M. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ovotestis: A case report and review of literatures. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2016;14(12):783-786. doi:10.29252/ijrm.14.12.783

Kreydin EI, Barrisford GW, Feldman AS, Preston MA. Testicular cancer: What the radiologist needs to know. Am J Roentgenol. 2013;200(6):1215-1225. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.10319

Rooper LM, Sharma R, Li QK, Illei PB, Westra WH. INSM1 Demonstrates Superior Performance to the Individual and Combined Use of Synaptophysin, Chromogranin and CD56 for Diagnosing Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Thoracic Cavity. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017;41(11):1561-1569. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000916

Khan SAA, John G, Howell SD. Primary carcinoid tumour of the testis. J Pak Med Assoc. 2005;55(12):561-563. doi:10.1155/2015/687482

Wagner T, Scandura G, Roe A, et al. Prospective molecular and morphological assessment of testicular prepubertal-type teratomas in postpubertal men. Mod Pathol. 2020;33(4):713-721. doi:10.1038/s41379-019-0404-8

Rindi G, Klimstra DS, Abedi-Ardekani B, et al. A common classification framework for neuroendocrine neoplasms: an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and World Health Organization (WHO) expert consensus proposal. Mod Pathol. 2018;31(12):1770-1786. doi:10.1038/s41379-018-0110-y

Manzo R, Renavikar PS, Cushman-Vokoun A, Wagner DG, Lele SM. Primary Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Genitourinary System: Two Rare Examples of Testicular and Renal Neuroendocrine Tumors with Clinicopathologic and Molecular Findings. Int J Surg Pathol. Published online 2025. doi:10.1177/10668969251350265

Alsharif S, Al-Shraim M, Alhadi A, Al-Aown A, Fooshang F, Eid R. Primary neuroendocrine tumor of the testis. Urol Ann. 2014;6(2):173-175. doi:10.4103/0974-7796.130662

Manna S, Narayana SM, Premalata CS. Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Testis Masquerading as Germ Cell Tumor – A Case Report. Eur J Med Heal Sci. 2020;2(6):6-9. doi:10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.6.518

Paralkar D, Singh R, Tandon A, Shrivastava A, Walke V, Agrawal A. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 in common endocrine tumors : A potential marker for newer therapeutic target. 2025;(October):1-9.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.