Palabras clave
dislexia
discalculia
comorbilidad
dificultades de aprendizaje neurodevelopmental disordes
dyslexia
dyscalculia
comorbidity
learning difficulties
Cómo citar
Resumen
En este documento se explora la naturaleza de la comorbilidad de la dislexia del desarrollo (DD) y discalculia (DC) y los déficits cognitivos compartidos y diferenciadores de ambos trastornos. El objetivo es contribuir a que las valoraciones psicopedagógicas escolares se ajusten a la realidad compleja y comórbida de los trastornos del desarrollo que dan lugar a las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje (DEA). Para ello, se realiza una revisión sistemática según las normas PRISMA de trabajos empíricos, en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) y Scopus en el periodo 2009-2020, de artículos que incluyen muestras mixtas para la comparación de déficits cognitivos comunes y diferenciadores de cada trastorno. Se identifican los déficits diferenciadores y los que se solapan en el grupo comórbido con carácter aditivo o interactivo. Los resultados se discuten en términos de sus implicaciones para el diagnóstico escolar y la práctica educativa destacando la necesidad de valoración de todas las modalidades de la memoria de trabajo y de la velocidad de procesamiento y recuperación y la elaboración de informes orientadores para los docentes de carácter específico sobre el rendimiento de DD y DC en las distintas áreas del currículo.
Citas
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